Quantum Computing Is Eyeing a 2028 Breakthrough, 2 ETFs Could Capture It

Quantum computing is attracting fresh investment as technology companies accelerate development timelines and governments back the sector. The first fault-tolerant quantum computers could arrive around 2028 or 2029, according to expectations cited in The Daily Upside. But commercial adoption remains uncertain, leaving investors to decide how best to access the opportunity.

Two ETFs offer different approaches: the Defiance Quantum ETF (NASDAQ:QTUM) and the WisdomTree Quantum Computing Fund (NYSE:WQTM).

QTUM- Broader Technology Exposure

QTUM tracks the BlueStar Machine Learning and Quantum Computing Index, which covers companies involved in quantum computing, machine learning, computing chips and related software. It held 90 stocks and has $5.74 billion in net assets, with an annual expense ratio of 0.40%.

Its portfolio extends beyond pure-play quantum developers. Global Unichip represents 2.33% of assets, which is currently the largest holding. Meanwhile Horizon Quantum Holdings Ltd (NASDAQ:HQ) represents 1.87% and Palantir Technologies Inc (NASDAQ:PLTR) represents 1.84%.

That breadth offers exposure to the wider computing ecosystem, but it also means QTUM’s performance can depend on machine learning, software and semiconductor trends rather than quantum breakthroughs alone.

QTUM returned 36% year to date, despite an 8% decline over the preceding three months. The contrast highlights the volatility investors may face even in a diversified portfolio.

WQTM Makes a More Direct Quantum Bet

WQTM allocates more of its portfolio to companies developing quantum technology. IonQ Inc (NYSE:IONQ) represents 6.1% of assets, Quantinuum Inc (NASDAQ:QNT) 5.6%, Rigetti Computing Inc (NASDAQ:RGTI) 5.2% and D-Wave Quantum Inc (NASDAQ:QBTS) 4.8%. IBM (NYSE:IBM), Microsoft Corp (NASDAQ:MSFT) and Amazon.com, Inc (NASDAQ:AMZN) provided exposure to larger technology businesses as well.

The fund had approximately $346 million in assets and charged a 0.45% annual expense ratio.

Its larger positions in quantum specialists could make it more responsive to technical breakthroughs and commercial contracts. However, those companies also face substantial uncertainty over error correction, scalability and the timing of revenue growth.

The Key Question Is Commercial Adoption

Quantum computers could eventually support drug discovery, materials science, financial modelling and supply-chain optimization. They are expected to complement conventional CPUs and GPUs, not simply replace them, according to The Daily Upside.

For investors, QTUM offers broader exposure to computing and machine learning, while WQTM tilts more heavily toward quantum developers. Neither guarantees gains if the technology takes longer than expected to become commercially useful.

The next test is whether progress in error correction and practical computing applications translates into repeatable customer demand and sustainable revenue. Until then, quantum ETFs remain a bet on an emerging technology rather than an established commercial market.

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